This work is in the public domain in France for one of the following reasons:
Its author (or the last of its authors in the case of a collaboration work) died more than 70 years ago (CPI art. L123-1) and did not benefit from any copyright extension (CPI art. L123-8, L123-9 and L123-10)[1];
It is an anonymous or pseudonymous work (the identity of the author has never been disclosed) or a collective work[2] and more than 70 years have passed since its publication (CPI art. L123-3);
It is the recording of an audiovisual or musical work already in the public domain, and more than 50 years have passed since the performance or the recording (CPI art. L211-4).
Please note that moral rights still apply when the work is in the public domain. They encompass, among others, the right to the respect of the author's name, quality and work (CPI art. L121-1). Attribution therefore remains mandatory.
↑Copyright extensions must be considered only in the case of musical works and of authors Mort pour la France (died during conflict, in the service of France). In other cases, they are included in the 70 years post mortem auctoris length (see this statement of the Cour de Cassation).
↑The collective work status is quite restrictive, please make sure that it is actually established.
This image is in the public domain because it is a mere mechanical scan or photocopy of a public domain original, or – from the available evidence – is so similar to such a scan or photocopy that no copyright protection can be expected to arise. The original itself is in the public domain for the following reason:
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
יצירה זו נמצאת בנחלת הכלל במדינת המקור ובמדינות אחרות בהם תקופת זכויות היוצרים היא משך חיי היוצר ו-70 שנה (או פחות) מפטירתו.
You must also include a United States public domain tag to indicate why this work is in the public domain in the United States. Note that a few countries have copyright terms longer than 70 years: Mexico has 100 years, Jamaica has 95 years, Colombia has 80 years, and Guatemala and Samoa have 75 years. This image may not be in the public domain in these countries, which moreover do not implement the rule of the shorter term. Honduras has a general copyright term of 75 years, but it does implement the rule of the shorter term. Copyright may extend on works created by French who died for France in World War II (more information), Russians who served in the Eastern Front of World War II (known as the Great Patriotic War in Russia) and posthumously rehabilitated victims of Soviet repressions (more information).
https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/PDMCreative Commons Public Domain Mark 1.0falsefalse
This tag is designed for use where there may be a need to assert that any enhancements (eg brightness, contrast, colour-matching, sharpening) are in themselves insufficiently creative to generate a new copyright. It can be used where it is unknown whether any enhancements have been made, as well as when the enhancements are clear but insufficient. For known raw unenhanced scans you can use an appropriate {{PD-old}} tag instead. For usage, see Commons:When to use the PD-scan tag.
Note: This tag applies to scans and photocopies only. For photographs of public domain originals taken from afar, {{PD-Art}} may be applicable. See Commons:When to use the PD-Art tag.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
Public domain
קובץ מדיה זה נמצא ברשות הציבור בארצות הברית. זה תקף לעבודות אמריקניות שבהן זכויות היוצרים פגו, לעתים מסיבה שהפרסום הראשון היה לפני 1 בינואר 1929. ראו דף זה להסבר נוסף.
United States
תמונה זו עשויה שלא להיות תחת רשות הציבור מחוץ לארצות הברית (זה נכון במיוחד במדינות ובאזורים שבהם לא חל rule of the shorter term עבור יצירות אמריקניות, ובהן קנדה, סין היבשתית (לא כולל הונג קונג ומקאו), גרמניה, מקסיקו, ושוויץ). היוצר ושנת הפרסום הם מידע חיוני שחובה לציין. ראו הסבר על רשות הציבור וזכויות יוצרים למידע נוסף.
