משתמש:גמדקנאי/ארגז חול
סמל | ישראלית מצויה | האקדמיה ללשון | ISO 259 | |||||||
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2006 | 1953 | |||||||||
שם | Xlit. | IPA | שם | Xlit. | שם | Xlit. | שם | Xlit. | IPA | |
עיצורים | ||||||||||
א | alef | ' | - | alef | ' | alef | ʼ | ʼālep̄ | ʼ | [ʔ] |
ב | vet | v | [v] | vet | v | vet | v | ḇēṯ | ḇ | [v] |
בּ | bet | b | [b] | bet | b | bet | b | bēṯ | b | [b] |
bb | bb | bēṯ ḥāzāq | bb | [bb] | ||||||
תבנית:Hebrew | gimel | g | [ɡ] | gimel | g | gimel | g | ḡīmel | ḡ | [ɣ] |
תבנית:Hebrew | gīmel | g | [ɡ] | |||||||
gg | gg | gīmel ḥāzāq | gg | [ɡɡ] | ||||||
תבנית:Hebrew[note 3] | jimel | j | [d͡ʒ] | ǧimel | ǧ | |||||
תבנית:Hebrew | dalet | d | [d] | dalet | d | dalet | d | ḏāleṯ | ḏ | [ð] |
תבנית:Hebrew | dāleṯ | d | [d] | |||||||
dd | dd | dāleṯ ḥāzāq | dd | [dd] | ||||||
תבנית:Hebrew[note 4] | dhalet | dh | [ð] | ḏalet | ḏ
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תבנית:Hebrew | hei | h | [h] | he | h | he | h | hē | h | [h] |
תבנית:Hebrew | ||||||||||
תבנית:Hebrew | vav | v (w) | [v] ([w])[note 5] | vav | v | waw | w | wāw | w | [v] [(w)][note 5] |
תבנית:Hebrew[note 6] | vv | ww | wāw ḥāzāq | ww | [vv] | |||||
תבנית:Hebrew | zayin | z | [z] | zayin | z | zayin | z | záyin | z | [z] |
תבנית:Hebrew | zz | zz | záyin ḥāzāq | zz | [zz] | |||||
תבנית:Hebrew[note 3] | zhayin | zh | [ʒ] | žayin | ž
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תבנית:Hebrew | ħet | ħ | [χ] | ẖet | ẖ | ẖet | ẖ | ḥēṯ | Ḥ ḥ | [ħ] |
תבנית:Hebrew | tet | t | [t] | tet | t | tet | t | ṭēṯ | ṭ | [tˤ] |
תבנית:Hebrew | tt | tt | ṭēṯ ḥāzāq | ṭṭ | [tˤtˤ] | |||||
תבנית:Hebrew | yud | y, i | [j] | yud | y | yud | y | yōḏ | y | [j] |
תבנית:Hebrew | yy | yy | yōḏ ḥāzāq | yy | [jj] | |||||
תבנית:Hebrew | khaf | kh | [χ] | khaf | kh | khaf | kh | ḵāp̄ | ḵ | [x] |
תבנית:Hebrew | kaf | k | [k] | kaf | k | kaf | k | kāp̄ | k | [k] |
kk | kk | kāp̄ ḥāzāq | kk | [kk] | ||||||
תבנית:Hebrew | lamed | l | [l] | lamed | l | lamed | l | lāmeḏ | l | [l] |
תבנית:Hebrew | ll | ll | lāmeḏ ḥāzāq | ll | [ll] | |||||
תבנית:Hebrew | mem | m | [m] | mem | m | mem | m | mēm | m | [m] |
תבנית:Hebrew | mm | mm | mēm ḥāzāq | mm | [mm] | |||||
תבנית:Hebrew | nun | n | [n] | nun | n | nun | n | nūn | n | [n] |
תבנית:Hebrew | nn | nn | nūn ḥāzāq | nn | [nn] | |||||
תבנית:Hebrew | samekh | s | [s] | samekh | s | samekh | s | sāmeḵ | s | [s] |
תבנית:Hebrew | ss | ss | sāmeḵ ḥāzāq | ss | [ss] | |||||
תבנית:Hebrew | ayin | ' | - | ayin | ' | ʻayin | ʻ | ʻáyin | ʻ | [ʕ] |
תבנית:Hebrew | fei | f | [f] | fe | f | fe | f | p̄ē | p̄ | [f] |
תבנית:Hebrew | pei | p | [p] | pe | p | pe | p | pē | p | [p] |
pp | pp | pē ḥāzāq | pp | [pp] | ||||||
תבנית:Hebrew | tzadi | tz | [t͡s] | tsadi | ts | ẕadi | ẕ | ṣāḏē | ṣ | [sˤ] |
תבנית:Hebrew | ẕẕ | ṣāḏē ḥāzāq | ṣṣ | [sˤsˤ] | ||||||
תבנית:Hebrew[note 3] | chadi | ch | [t͡ʃ] | čadi | č | |||||
תבנית:Hebrew | kuf | k | [k] | kuf | k | quf | q | qōp̄ | q | [q] |
תבנית:Hebrew | kk | qōp̄ ḥāzāq | [qq] | |||||||
תבנית:Hebrew | reish | r | [ʁ] | resh | r | resh | r | rēš | r | [ʀ] |
תבנית:Hebrew[note 4] | rr | rr | rēš ḥāzāq | rr | [ʀʀ] | |||||
תבנית:Hebrew | shin | sh | [ʃ] | shin | sh | shin | sh | šīn | š | [ʃ] |
תבנית:Hebrew | šīn ḥāzāq | šš | [ʃʃ] | |||||||
תבנית:Hebrew | sin | s | [s] | sin | s | sin | s | śīn | ś | [s] |
תבנית:Hebrew | ss | ss | śīn ḥāzāq | śś | [ss] | |||||
תבנית:Hebrew | tav | t | [t] | tav | t | taw | t | ṯāw | ṯ | [θ] |
תבנית:Hebrew | tāw | t | [t] | |||||||
tt | tt | tāw ḥāzāq | tt | [tt] | ||||||
תבנית:Hebrew[note 4] | thav | th | [θ] | ṯaw | ṯ
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Vowels | ||||||||||
תבנית:Hebrew | shva naħ | shva naẖ | shewa naẖ | šəwā nāḥ | ||||||
shva na | e | [e̞][note 8] | shva na | e | shewa naʻ | e | šəwā nāʻ | ə | [ɐ̆] [ɛ̆] [ĕ] [ĭ] [ɔ̆] [ŏ] [ŭ] | |
תבנית:Hebrew | ħataf segol | e | [e̞] | ẖataf seggol | e | ẖataf seggol | e | ḥăṭep̄ səḡōl | ĕ | [ɛ̆] |
תבנית:Hebrew | ħataf pataħ | a | [ä] | ẖataf pataẖ | a | ẖataf pataẖ | a | ḥăṭep̄ páṯaḥ | ă | [ɐ̆] |
תבנית:Hebrew | ħataf kamatz | o | [o̞] | ẖataf kamats | o | ẖataf qamaẕ | o | ḥăṭep̄ qāmeṣ | ŏ | [ɔ̆] |
תבנית:Hebrew | ħirik | i | [i] | ẖirik | i | ẖiriq | i | ḥīreq qāṭān | i | [i] |
ḥīreq gāḏôl | ī | [iː] | ||||||||
תבנית:Hebrew | tzeire | e | [e̞] | tsere | e | ẕere | e | ṣērē | ē | [eː] |
תבנית:Hebrew | segol | seggol | seggol | səḡōl qāṭān | e | [ɛ] | ||||
səḡōl gāḏōl | é, ẹ | [ɛː] | ||||||||
תבנית:Hebrew | pataħ | a | [ä] | pataẖ | a | pataẖ | a | páṯaḥ qāṭān | a | [ɐ] |
páṯaḥ gāḏōl | á, ạ | [ɐː] | ||||||||
תבנית:Hebrew | kamatz gadol | kamats gadol | qamaẕ gadol | qāmeṣ gāḏôl | ā | [ɔː] | ||||
kamatz katan | o | [o̞] | kamats katan | o | qamaẕ qatan | o | ọ | |||
qāmeṣ qāṭān | o | [ɔ] | ||||||||
תבנית:Hebrew | ħolam | ẖolam | ẖolam | ḥōlem | ō | [oː] | ||||
תבנית:Hebrew | kubutz | u | [u] | kubbuts | u | qubbuẕ | u | qibbūṣ qāṭān | u | [u] |
qibbūṣ gāḏōl | ū | [uː] | ||||||||
תבנית:Hebrew[note 6] | shuruk | shuruk | shuruq | šūreq qāṭān | u | [u] | ||||
šūreq gāḏōl | ū | [uː] | ||||||||
Israeli Diphthongs | ||||||||||
תבנית:Hebrew | tzeire yud | ei | [e̞͡ɪ] | tsere | e | ẕere | e | ṣērē | ē | [eː] |
תבנית:Hebrew | segol yud | seggol | seggol | səḡōl | e, é, ẹ | [ɛ(ː)] | ||||
תבנית:Hebrew | pataħ yud | ai | [ä͡ɪ] | pataẖ yud | ay | pataẖ yud | ay | páṯaḥ yōḏ | ay, áy, ạy | [ɐ(ː)j] |
תבנית:Hebrew | kamatz gadol yud | kamats gadol yud | qamaẕ gadol yud | qāmeṣ yōḏ | āy, oy, ọy | [ɔ(ː)j] | ||||
kamatz katan yud | oi | [o̞͡ɪ] | kamats katan yud | oy | qamaẕ qatan yud | oy | ||||
תבנית:Hebrew | ħolam yud | ẖolam yud | ẖolam yud | ḥōlem yōḏ | ōy | [oːj] | ||||
תבנית:Hebrew | kubutz yud | ui | [u͡ɪ] | kubbuts yud | uy | qubbuẕ yud | uy | ḥōlem yōḏ | uy, ūy | [u(ː)j] |
תבנית:Hebrew | shuruk yud | shuruk yud | shuruq yud | šūreq yōḏ |
Notes[עריכת קוד מקור | עריכה]
- ^ 1 2 3 4 Functions only as a syllable break in Israeli Hebrew. So, when transcribed, is omitted everywhere except in circumstances where omission would be ambiguous, such as immediately after consonants or between vowels.
- ^ Omitted at the beginnings of words.
- ^ 1 2 3 For phonemes in loanwords or their derivations. These are not used in Classical Hebrew, so are omitted from the ISO 259 columns.
- ^ 1 2 3 Hebrew-letter transliterations of foreign phonemes (used only for the transliterition of proper names or foreign language texts, never in native words or loanwords).
- ^ 1 2 3 Rarely, loanwords or their derivations contain the phoneme /w/, which standardly is spelled with "תבנית:Hebrew", indistinguishably from "תבנית:Hebrew" denoting /v/[1]. Some non-standard distinguishing ways of spelling exist, such as "תבנית:Hebrew" or word-initial "תבנית:Hebrew" (see orthographic variants of vav), but their usage is not consistent. Therefore, correctly romanizing the "תבנית:Hebrew" as /w/ cannot rely on orthography but rather on lexical knowledge, e.g. "תבנית:Hebrew" Morfix → "da'awín", "תבנית:Hebrew" Morfix → "ba'avír".
- ^ 1 2 Shuruk and "תבנית:Hebrew" with a dagesh look identical ("תבנית:Hebrew") and are only distinguishable through the fact that in text with nikud, "תבנית:Hebrew" with a dagesh will normally be attributed a vocal point in addition, e.g. תבנית:Hebrew, ("a market"), trans. "shuk" (the "תבנית:Hebrew" denotes a shuruk) as opposed to תבנית:Hebrew ("to market"), trans. "shivék" (the "תבנית:Hebrew" denotes a vav with dagesh). In the word תבנית:Hebrew ("marketing"), trans. "shivúk", the first ("תבנית:Hebrew") denotes a vav with dagesh, the second a shuruk., being the vocal point attributed to the first.
- ^ Usually written as /i/ after a vowel and either before a consonant or syllable break or at the end of a word.
- ^ 1 2 3 Israeli Hebrew typically demotes shva na to silent shva nach in situations where it can be comfortably omitted in common speech, creating consonant clusters that would otherwise not be permitted in older varieties of Hebrew. In situations where this happens, the shva is typically not transliterated at all, or is at most transliterated with an apostrophe (') – see shva.