\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{scalefnt}
\begin{document}
\pagestyle{empty}
\def\linetick#1#2{
\draw[-] ({#1},3.075) node [anchor=south] {#2} -- (#1,2.925) ;
}
\def\microscope#1{
\draw [thick,- ] (#1 -0.25,2.15) -- (#1+0,3) -- (#1 +0.25,2.15) ;
\draw [thick,fill=white] (#1 +0.00,1.50) circle (1) ;
\fill [white ] (#1 -0.25,2.15) -- (#1+0,3) -- (#1 +0.25,2.15) ;
\draw [thick,blue,-> ] (#1-0.95,1.5) -- (#1+0.95,1.5) ;
}
\def\microtick#1#2#3#4#5{
\draw [-,#4] (#1+0.375*#2,1.6) node [anchor=#5,font=\small] {#3} -- (#1+0.375*#2,1.4) ;
}
\def\microhookright#1#2#3#4#5{
\draw [->,#5] (#1+0.375*#2,1.3) to [out=210,in=-30] (#1+0.375*#3+0.05,1.3) ;
\node [anchor=north,#5] at ({#1+0.375*(#2+#3)/2+0.05},{1.3-abs(#3-#2)/20}) {#4} ;
}
\def\microhookleft#1#2#3#4#5{
\draw [->,#5] (#1+0.375*#2,1.3) to [out=-30,in=210] (#1+0.375*#3-0.05,1.3) ;
\node [anchor=north,#5] at ({#1+0.375*(#2+#3)/2-0.05},{1.3-abs(#3-#2)/20}) {#4} ;
}
\begin {tikzpicture} [scale=2]
\draw[blue,thick,->] (-3.1,3) -- (4.1,3) coordinate (x axis);
\linetick{-3}{$-3$}
\linetick{-2}{$-2$}
\linetick{-1}{$-1$}
\linetick{ 0}{$ 0$}
\linetick{+1}{$ 1$}
\linetick{+2}{$ 2$}
\linetick{+2.71}{$ r$}
\linetick{+3}{$ 3$}
\linetick{+4}{$ 4$}
\microscope {2.71}
\microtick {2.71}{-2}{\tiny $r-2\epsilon$}{blue}{south}
\microtick {2.71}{-1}{\tiny $r- \epsilon$}{blue}{south}
\microtick {2.71}{ 0}{$r$}{}{south}
\microtick {2.71}{ 1}{\tiny $r+ \epsilon$}{blue}{south}
\microtick {2.71}{ 2}{\tiny $r+2\epsilon$}{blue}{south}
\microhookleft {2.71}{-2}{0}{\scriptsize $\operatorname{st}$}{red}
\microhookleft {2.71}{-1}{0}{}{red}
\microhookright{2.71}{ 1}{0}{}{red}
\microhookright{2.71}{ 2}{0}{\scriptsize $\operatorname{st}$}{red}
\microscope {-1}
\microtick {-1}{-0.3}{$-1$}{}{south}
\microtick {-1}{ 0.7}{\tiny $-1+\epsilon$}{blue}{south}
\microtick {-1}{ 1.9}{\tiny $-1+\gamma$} {blue}{south}
\microtick {-1}{-1.7}{\tiny $-1+\eta$} {blue}{south}
\microhookleft {-1}{-1.7}{-0.3}{\scriptsize $\operatorname{st}$}{red}
\microhookright{-1}{ 0.7}{-0.3}{}{red}
\microhookright{-1}{ 1.9}{-0.3}{\scriptsize $\operatorname{st}$}{red}
\end {tikzpicture}
\end{document}