משתמש:גמדקנאי/ארגז חול

סמל	ישראלית מצויה			האקדמיה ללשון				ISO 259
	ישראלית מצויה			2006		1953		ISO 259
	שם	Xlit.	IPA	שם	Xlit.	שם	Xlit.	שם	Xlit.	IPA
עיצורים
א	alef	' ^{[note 1]}	-	alef	' ^{[note 1]}	alef	ʼ ^{[note 2]}	ʼālep̄	ʼ	[ʔ]
	alef	' ^{[note 1]}	-	alef	' ^{[note 1]}	alef	ʼ ^{[note 2]}	ʼālep̄	ʼ	[ʔ]
ב	vet	v	[v]	vet	v	vet	v	ḇēṯ	ḇ	[v]
בּ	bet	b	[b]	bet	b	bet	b	bēṯ	b	[b]
בּ	bet	b	[b]	bet	bb	bet	bb	bēṯ ḥāzāq	bb	[bb]
תבנית:Hebrew	gimel	g	[ɡ]	gimel	g	gimel	g	ḡīmel	ḡ	[ɣ]
תבנית:Hebrew					g		g	gīmel	g	[ɡ]
תבנית:Hebrew					gg		gg	gīmel ḥāzāq	gg	[ɡɡ]
תבנית:Hebrew^{[note 3]}	jimel	j	[d͡ʒ]			ǧimel	ǧ
תבנית:Hebrew	dalet	d	[d]	dalet	d	dalet	d	ḏāleṯ	ḏ	[ð]
תבנית:Hebrew					d		d	dāleṯ	d	[d]
תבנית:Hebrew					dd		dd	dāleṯ ḥāzāq	dd	[dd]
תבנית:Hebrew^{[note 4]}	dhalet	dh	[ð]			ḏalet	ḏ
תבנית:Hebrew	hei	h	[h]	he	h	he	h	hē	h	[h]
תבנית:Hebrew	hei	h	[h]	he	h	he	h	hē	h	[h]
תבנית:Hebrew	vav	v (w) ^{[note 5]}	[v] ([w])^{[note 5]}	vav	v	waw	w	wāw	w	[v] [(w)]^{[note 5]}
תבנית:Hebrew^{[note 6]}	vav	v (w) ^{[note 5]}	[v] ([w])^{[note 5]}	vav	vv	waw	ww	wāw ḥāzāq	ww	[vv]
תבנית:Hebrew	zayin	z	[z]	zayin	z	zayin	z	záyin	z	[z]
תבנית:Hebrew	zayin	z	[z]	zayin	zz	zayin	zz	záyin ḥāzāq	zz	[zz]
תבנית:Hebrew^{[note 3]}	zhayin	zh	[ʒ]			žayin	ž
תבנית:Hebrew	ħet	ħ	[χ]	ẖet	ẖ	ẖet	ẖ	ḥēṯ	Ḥ ḥ	[ħ]
תבנית:Hebrew	tet	t	[t]	tet	t	tet	t	ṭēṯ	ṭ	[tˤ]
תבנית:Hebrew	tet	t	[t]	tet	tt	tet	tt	ṭēṯ ḥāzāq	ṭṭ	[tˤtˤ]
תבנית:Hebrew	yud	y, i ^{[note 7]}	[j]	yud	y	yud	y	yōḏ	y	[j]
תבנית:Hebrew	yud	y, i ^{[note 7]}	[j]	yud	yy	yud	yy	yōḏ ḥāzāq	yy	[jj]
תבנית:Hebrew	khaf	kh	[χ]	khaf	kh	khaf	kh	ḵāp̄	ḵ	[x]
תבנית:Hebrew	kaf	k	[k]	kaf	k	kaf	k	kāp̄	k	[k]
תבנית:Hebrew	kaf	k	[k]	kaf	kk	kaf	kk	kāp̄ ḥāzāq	kk	[kk]
תבנית:Hebrew	lamed	l	[l]	lamed	l	lamed	l	lāmeḏ	l	[l]
תבנית:Hebrew	lamed	l	[l]	lamed	ll	lamed	ll	lāmeḏ ḥāzāq	ll	[ll]
תבנית:Hebrew	mem	m	[m]	mem	m	mem	m	mēm	m	[m]
תבנית:Hebrew	mem	m	[m]	mem	mm	mem	mm	mēm ḥāzāq	mm	[mm]
תבנית:Hebrew	nun	n	[n]	nun	n	nun	n	nūn	n	[n]
תבנית:Hebrew	nun	n	[n]	nun	nn	nun	nn	nūn ḥāzāq	nn	[nn]
תבנית:Hebrew	samekh	s	[s]	samekh	s	samekh	s	sāmeḵ	s	[s]
תבנית:Hebrew	samekh	s	[s]	samekh	ss	samekh	ss	sāmeḵ ḥāzāq	ss	[ss]
תבנית:Hebrew	ayin	' ^{[note 1]}	-	ayin	' ^{[note 1]}	ʻayin	ʻ	ʻáyin	ʻ	[ʕ]
תבנית:Hebrew	fei	f	[f]	fe	f	fe	f	p̄ē	p̄	[f]
תבנית:Hebrew	pei	p	[p]	pe	p	pe	p	pē	p	[p]
תבנית:Hebrew	pei	p	[p]	pe	pp	pe	pp	pē ḥāzāq	pp	[pp]
תבנית:Hebrew	tzadi	tz	[t͡s]	tsadi	ts	ẕadi	ẕ	ṣāḏē	ṣ	[sˤ]
תבנית:Hebrew	tzadi	tz	[t͡s]	tsadi	ts	ẕadi	ẕẕ	ṣāḏē ḥāzāq	ṣṣ	[sˤsˤ]
תבנית:Hebrew^{[note 3]}	chadi	ch	[t͡ʃ]			čadi	č
תבנית:Hebrew	kuf	k	[k]	kuf	k	quf	q	qōp̄	q	[q]
תבנית:Hebrew	kuf	k	[k]	kuf	kk	quf	qq	qōp̄ ḥāzāq	qq	[qq]
תבנית:Hebrew	reish	r	[ʁ]	resh	r	resh	r	rēš	r	[ʀ]
תבנית:Hebrew^{[note 4]}	reish	r	[ʁ]	resh	rr	resh	rr	rēš ḥāzāq	rr	[ʀʀ]
תבנית:Hebrew	shin	sh	[ʃ]	shin	sh	shin	sh	šīn	š	[ʃ]
תבנית:Hebrew	shin	sh	[ʃ]	shin	sh	shin	sh	šīn ḥāzāq	šš	[ʃʃ]
תבנית:Hebrew	sin	s	[s]	sin	s	sin	s	śīn	ś	[s]
תבנית:Hebrew	sin	s	[s]	sin	ss	sin	ss	śīn ḥāzāq	śś	[ss]
תבנית:Hebrew	tav	t	[t]	tav	t	taw	t	ṯāw	ṯ	[θ]
תבנית:Hebrew					t		t	tāw	t	[t]
תבנית:Hebrew					tt		tt	tāw ḥāzāq	tt	[tt]
תבנית:Hebrew^{[note 4]}	thav	th	[θ]			ṯaw	ṯ
Vowels
תבנית:Hebrew	shva naħ			shva naẖ		shewa naẖ		šəwā nāḥ
תבנית:Hebrew	shva na	e ^{[note 8]}	[e̞]^{[note 8]}	shva na	e ^{[note 8]}	shewa naʻ	e	šəwā nāʻ	ə	[ɐ̆] [ɛ̆] [ĕ] [ĭ] [ɔ̆] [ŏ] [ŭ]
תבנית:Hebrew	ħataf segol	e	[e̞]	ẖataf seggol	e	ẖataf seggol	e	ḥăṭep̄ səḡōl	ĕ	[ɛ̆]
תבנית:Hebrew	ħataf pataħ	a	[ä]	ẖataf pataẖ	a	ẖataf pataẖ	a	ḥăṭep̄ páṯaḥ	ă	[ɐ̆]
תבנית:Hebrew	ħataf kamatz	o	[o̞]	ẖataf kamats	o	ẖataf qamaẕ	o	ḥăṭep̄ qāmeṣ	ŏ	[ɔ̆]
תבנית:Hebrew	ħirik	i	[i]	ẖirik	i	ẖiriq	i	ḥīreq qāṭān	i	[i]
תבנית:Hebrew	ħirik	i	[i]	ẖirik	i	ẖiriq	i	ḥīreq gāḏôl	ī	[iː]
תבנית:Hebrew	tzeire	e	[e̞]	tsere	e	ẕere	e	ṣērē	ē	[eː]
תבנית:Hebrew	segol			seggol		seggol		səḡōl qāṭān	e	[ɛ]
תבנית:Hebrew	segol			seggol		seggol		səḡōl gāḏōl	é, ẹ	[ɛː]
תבנית:Hebrew	pataħ	a	[ä]	pataẖ	a	pataẖ	a	páṯaḥ qāṭān	a	[ɐ]
תבנית:Hebrew	pataħ			pataẖ		pataẖ		páṯaḥ gāḏōl	á, ạ	[ɐː]
תבנית:Hebrew	kamatz gadol			kamats gadol		qamaẕ gadol		qāmeṣ gāḏôl	ā	[ɔː]
	kamatz katan	o	[o̞]	kamats katan	o	qamaẕ qatan	o	qāmeṣ gāḏôl	ọ	[ɔː]
	kamatz katan			kamats katan		qamaẕ qatan		qāmeṣ qāṭān	o	[ɔ]
תבנית:Hebrew	ħolam			ẖolam		ẖolam		ḥōlem	ō	[oː]
תבנית:Hebrew	kubutz	u	[u]	kubbuts	u	qubbuẕ	u	qibbūṣ qāṭān	u	[u]
תבנית:Hebrew	kubutz			kubbuts		qubbuẕ		qibbūṣ gāḏōl	ū	[uː]
תבנית:Hebrew^{[note 6]}	shuruk			shuruk		shuruq		šūreq qāṭān	u	[u]
šūreq gāḏōl	shuruk			shuruk		shuruq		ū	[uː]
Israeli Diphthongs
תבנית:Hebrew	tzeire yud	ei	[e̞͡ɪ]	tsere	e	ẕere	e	ṣērē	ē	[eː]
תבנית:Hebrew	segol yud	ei	[e̞͡ɪ]	seggol	e	seggol	e	səḡōl	e, é, ẹ	[ɛ(ː)]
תבנית:Hebrew	pataħ yud	ai	[ä͡ɪ]	pataẖ yud	ay	pataẖ yud	ay	páṯaḥ yōḏ	ay, áy, ạy	[ɐ(ː)j]
תבנית:Hebrew	kamatz gadol yud	ai	[ä͡ɪ]	kamats gadol yud	ay	qamaẕ gadol yud	ay	qāmeṣ yōḏ	āy, oy, ọy	[ɔ(ː)j]
תבנית:Hebrew	kamatz katan yud	oi	[o̞͡ɪ]	kamats katan yud	oy	qamaẕ qatan yud	oy	qāmeṣ yōḏ	āy, oy, ọy	[ɔ(ː)j]
תבנית:Hebrew	ħolam yud	oi	[o̞͡ɪ]	ẖolam yud	oy	ẖolam yud	oy	ḥōlem yōḏ	ōy	[oːj]
תבנית:Hebrew	kubutz yud	ui	[u͡ɪ]	kubbuts yud	uy	qubbuẕ yud	uy	ḥōlem yōḏ	uy, ūy	[u(ː)j]
תבנית:Hebrew	shuruk yud	ui	[u͡ɪ]	shuruk yud	uy	shuruq yud	uy	šūreq yōḏ	uy, ūy	[u(ː)j]

Notes[עריכת קוד מקור | עריכה]

^ ¹ ² ³ ⁴ Functions only as a syllable break in Israeli Hebrew. So, when transcribed, is omitted everywhere except in circumstances where omission would be ambiguous, such as immediately after consonants or between vowels.
^ Omitted at the beginnings of words.
^ ¹ ² ³ For phonemes in loanwords or their derivations. These are not used in Classical Hebrew, so are omitted from the ISO 259 columns.
^ ¹ ² ³ Hebrew-letter transliterations of foreign phonemes (used only for the transliterition of proper names or foreign language texts, never in native words or loanwords).
^ ¹ ² ³ Rarely, loanwords or their derivations contain the phoneme /w/, which standardly is spelled with "תבנית:Hebrew", indistinguishably from "תבנית:Hebrew" denoting /v/^[1]. Some non-standard distinguishing ways of spelling exist, such as "תבנית:Hebrew" or word-initial "תבנית:Hebrew" (see orthographic variants of vav), but their usage is not consistent. Therefore, correctly romanizing the "תבנית:Hebrew" as /w/ cannot rely on orthography but rather on lexical knowledge, e.g. "תבנית:Hebrew" ^Morfix → "da'awín", "תבנית:Hebrew" ^Morfix → "ba'avír".
^ ¹ ² Shuruk and "תבנית:Hebrew" with a dagesh look identical ("תבנית:Hebrew") and are only distinguishable through the fact that in text with nikud, "תבנית:Hebrew" with a dagesh will normally be attributed a vocal point in addition, e.g. תבנית:Hebrew, ("a market"), trans. "shuk" (the "תבנית:Hebrew" denotes a shuruk) as opposed to תבנית:Hebrew ("to market"), trans. "shivék" (the "תבנית:Hebrew" denotes a vav with dagesh). In the word תבנית:Hebrew ("marketing"), trans. "shivúk", the first ("תבנית:Hebrew") denotes a vav with dagesh, the second a shuruk., being the vocal point attributed to the first.
^ Usually written as /i/ after a vowel and either before a consonant or syllable break or at the end of a word.
^ ¹ ² ³ Israeli Hebrew typically demotes shva na to silent shva nach in situations where it can be comfortably omitted in common speech, creating consonant clusters that would otherwise not be permitted in older varieties of Hebrew. In situations where this happens, the shva is typically not transliterated at all, or is at most transliterated with an apostrophe (') – see shva.

הערות שוליים[עריכת קוד מקור | עריכה]

^ Announcements of the Academy of the Hebrew Language

[note_syl_br-1] ¹ ² ³ ⁴ Functions only as a syllable break in Israeli Hebrew. So, when transcribed, is omitted everywhere except in circumstances where omission would be ambiguous, such as immediately after consonants or between vowels.

[note_init_omit-2] Omitted at the beginnings of words.

[note_loan-3] ¹ ² ³ For phonemes in loanwords or their derivations. These are not used in Classical Hebrew, so are omitted from the ISO 259 columns.

[note_foreign-4] ¹ ² ³ Hebrew-letter transliterations of foreign phonemes (used only for the transliterition of proper names or foreign language texts, never in native words or loanwords).

[note_w-5] ¹ ² ³ Rarely, loanwords or their derivations contain the phoneme /w/, which standardly is spelled with "תבנית:Hebrew", indistinguishably from "תבנית:Hebrew" denoting /v/^[1]. Some non-standard distinguishing ways of spelling exist, such as "תבנית:Hebrew" or word-initial "תבנית:Hebrew" (see orthographic variants of vav), but their usage is not consistent. Therefore, correctly romanizing the "תבנית:Hebrew" as /w/ cannot rely on orthography but rather on lexical knowledge, e.g. "תבנית:Hebrew" ^Morfix → "da'awín", "תבנית:Hebrew" ^Morfix → "ba'avír".

[note_vav_dgusha-6] ¹ ² Shuruk and "תבנית:Hebrew" with a dagesh look identical ("תבנית:Hebrew") and are only distinguishable through the fact that in text with nikud, "תבנית:Hebrew" with a dagesh will normally be attributed a vocal point in addition, e.g. תבנית:Hebrew, ("a market"), trans. "shuk" (the "תבנית:Hebrew" denotes a shuruk) as opposed to תבנית:Hebrew ("to market"), trans. "shivék" (the "תבנית:Hebrew" denotes a vav with dagesh). In the word תבנית:Hebrew ("marketing"), trans. "shivúk", the first ("תבנית:Hebrew") denotes a vav with dagesh, the second a shuruk., being the vocal point attributed to the first.

[note_i-7] Usually written as /i/ after a vowel and either before a consonant or syllable break or at the end of a word.

[note_shva-8] ¹ ² ³ Israeli Hebrew typically demotes shva na to silent shva nach in situations where it can be comfortably omitted in common speech, creating consonant clusters that would otherwise not be permitted in older varieties of Hebrew. In situations where this happens, the shva is typically not transliterated at all, or is at most transliterated with an apostrophe (') – see shva.

[transliteration_rules-9] Announcements of the Academy of the Hebrew Language

[note 1]

[note 2]

[note 3]

[note 4]

[note 5]

[note 6]

[note 7]

[note 8]

[1]